Jackfruit material and it's uses of Fruit, Seeds, Wood and plant parts

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 Jackfruit material and its uses

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), the world's largest tree fruit, is a versatile resource with various applications extending beyond its delicious fruit. Almost every part of the jackfruit tree, from the fruit itself to its wood, seeds, and even the milky latex, can be utilized in various industries and for numerous purposes. 

Here's a breakdown of the materials derived from the jackfruit and their uses:

Fruit

• Ripe Fruit: The sweet, fleshy arils (bulbs) of the ripe fruit are commonly consumed raw as a dessert or used in various sweet dishes, including jams, jellies, marmalades, ice cream, and beverages. Dried jackfruit chips are also a popular snack.
• Unripe Fruit: Young, unripe jackfruit has a meat-like texture and a mild flavor, making it a popular ingredient in savory dishes, curries, stir-fries, and as a meat substitute in vegetarian and vegan cuisine.
• Peel (Rind): The thick, spiky rind, often discarded as waste, is rich in pectin and can be used for pectin extraction, activated carbon production, and as an adsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater. It can also be a source of biohydrogen, biogas, and ethanol.
• Latex: The sticky, milky sap extracted from the fruit and tree branches has been historically used as an adhesive and sealant. More recently, researchers have explored its use in the cement industry, varnishes, and dental applications like cementing and filling material. It also contains compounds that may help improve the dispersion of carbon black in rubber and enhance wet skid resistance in tires. 

Seeds

• Edible Seeds: Jackfruit seeds are a good source of starch, protein, and dietary fiber. They are commonly boiled, roasted, or fried and eaten as snacks or used as an ingredient in various dishes, including curries and flour for baking.
• Seed Flour and Starch: Jackfruit seed flour can be used as a gluten-free alternative in bakery products and as a thickening or binding agent in food systems. The extracted starch can be utilized in various applications, including thickening agents, stabilizers, superabsorbent polymers, and even in the development of pharmaceutical products like fast-dissolving tablets. 

Wood

Wood and manufacturing

The golden yellow timber with good grain is used for building furniture and house construction in India. It is termite-resistant and is superior to teak for building furniture. The wood of the jackfruit tree is important in Sri Lanka and is exported to Europe. Jackfruit wood is widely used in the manufacture of furniture, doors and windows, in roof construction, and fish sauce barrels.

The wood of the tree is used for the production of musical instruments. In Indonesia, hardwood from the trunk is carved out to form the barrels of drums used in the gamelan, and in the Philippines, its soft wood is made into the body of the kutiyapi, a type of boat lute. It is also used to make the body of the Indian string instrument veena and the drums mridangam, thimila, and kanjira.

• Construction and Furniture: Jackfruit wood is a prized timber known for its durability, strength, and resistance to termites and decay. It is widely used for building furniture, doors, windows, and roof construction. The wood's distinctive golden yellow color and straight grain make it aesthetically appealing.
• Musical Instruments: The wood's acoustic properties make it suitable for crafting various musical instruments, such as drums and string instruments like the veena.
• Traditional Crafts: Jackfruit wood is also used in handicrafts and carvings, especially in regions like Kerala, India, where it holds cultural and religious significance.
• Dye: The heartwood of the jackfruit tree can be used to extract an orange-red dye, traditionally used to color the robes of Buddhist monks. 

Other plant parts

• Leaves: Jackfruit leaves are tender enough to be used as a vegetable and have been used in traditional medicine for fever, boils, and skin diseases. They can also be used as animal fodder.
• Bark: The bark of the jackfruit tree is used in traditional medicine for skin diseases and fevers. It has also been explored as a source of bioenergy. 

In conclusion, the jackfruit offers a wide range of materials with diverse applications in food, construction, medicine, and other industries. Its versatility and numerous beneficial properties make it a valuable and sustainable resource in tropical regions worldwide.