Mineral salts are also absorbed by plants from soil and water. Plants are eaten by animals and humans

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1. Minerals:

Mineral salts are also absorbed by plants from soil and water. Plants are eaten by animals and humans. So we get mineral salts from three sources. Water, plants, animals. Minerals are inorganic substances that occur naturally in the earth's crust. They are essential for various bodily functions, such as maintaining strong bones, regulating body fluids, and supporting immune function. Here are some key aspects of minerals:

Types of Minerals :

1. Macrominerals: Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and chloride. These minerals are required in large amounts (more than 100 mg/day).

2. Microminerals: Iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum. These minerals are required in smaller amounts (less than 100 mg/day).

Functions of Minerals :

1. *Bone Health*: Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium are essential for maintaining strong bones.

2. *Fluid Balance*: Sodium, potassium, and chloride help regulate body fluids.

3. *Energy Production*: Iron, copper, and manganese are necessary for energy production.

4. *Immune Function*: Zinc, iron, and selenium support immune function.

Food Sources of Minerals :

1. *Dairy Products*: Rich in calcium, phosphorus, and potassium.

2. *Leafy Greens*: Rich in magnesium, iron, and calcium.

3. *Nuts and Seeds*: Rich in magnesium, copper, and zinc.

4. *Whole Grains*: Rich in iron, selenium, and manganese.

Deficiencies and Toxicities :

1. *Deficiencies*: Can lead to various health problems, such as osteoporosis (calcium deficiency), anemia (iron deficiency), and goiter (iodine deficiency).

2. *Toxicities*: Can occur when excessive amounts of minerals are consumed, leading to health problems such as kidney damage (excessive calcium intake) and liver damage (excessive copper intake).

Overall, minerals play a crucial role in maintaining various bodily functions. A balanced diet that includes a variety of whole foods can help ensure adequate mineral intake.

1.1. Calcium :

This mineral is present in large quantities in our bones and teeth. Therefore pregnant mothers, mothers with infants and growing children need extra calcium.

Calcium is important for:

🌟Bones and teeth develop and grow.

🌟Clot blood,

🌟Strengthen the walls of capillary blood vessel,

🌟The muscles of the heart and skeletal muscles contract well, and calcium and phosphorus are required for proper functioning of the nerves.

should be in proportion. Vitamins D and C are also needed for calcium to be fully utilized.

Sources:

Milk is an important raw material. Similarly, Ragi, Rye, Sesame and Wheat, Small Karuvad, Seafood are also good sources.

Daily Requirement: 1200 mg. per day

Calcium Deficiency:

            Tetanus, nervous disorders, muscle twitching

1.2. Phosphorus:

Requirements of Phosphorus:

1. Necessary for building bones and teeth along with calcium.

2 .Helps build brain and nerves.

3. Carbohydrates and fatty substances help in the degenerative process.

4. Helps all cells in the body to grow.

Sources:

Most foods contain phosphorus. It is best found in milk, meat, fish, eggs, nuts, grains and greens.

1.3. Iron

🌟Iron is needed to make hemoglobin in the blood. Pregnant mothers need extra iron for the baby and blood formation in the fetus.

🌟Iron loss occurs whenever bleeding occurs during menstruation. Iron deficiency causes anemia. Vitamin C helps in the absorption of iron.

Sources:

Kale, sesame, jaggery, greens, pulses and pulses, liver, meat and Egg

Daily Requirement:

An average of 25 mg per male. A woman needs 35 mg daily.

Iron deficiency:

A common cause of anemia.

1.4. Sodium Chloride :

We need salt for the fluids in our body and to regulate the fluid balance (FluidBalance) To make the food taste good, people add salt to the food : But the salt that our body needs is first of all in the food. However, during the hot season, beetroot causes a large loss of salt from the body. Excess salt should be added to prevent muscle cramps and heat exhaustion. When dehydration occurs, the lost salt and fluid must be replenished.

1.5. Potassium is required for:

1) To regulate the alkalinity of substances contained in tissue cells (Regulating of PH Reaction).

2) Regulating the osmotic pressure of substances in the cell.

3) Relaxation of the muscles of the heart.

Potassium is lost from the body through vomiting and diarrhea. Therefore, this mineral salt will probably be added to the rehydration fluids given at that time.

Daily requirement of potassium is 1000-2000 mg.

Sources

It is found in almost all foods, including millets, legumes, nuts, and oilseeds, vegetables and fruits, milk, meat, fish, and liver.

1.6. Iodine :

It is required for thyroid gland function.

Sources:

1. Marine Fish Vegetables that grow near the surface of the sea

2. Iodized salt should be used.

Daily Requirement:

About 150 mg daily. It will be required.

Iodine Deficiency:

This is called inflammation of the laryngopharynx. Thyroid gland inflammation is a localized disease.